The paper presents results of the study of epizootic blood sera in the complement fixation test (CFT) with paratuberculous antigen. Blood sera were sampled from the cattle and goats. The antigen was produced from the culture filtrate of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in the laboratory for tuberculosis study. The aim of the present study was to clarify the epizootic situation concerning Johne’s disease among the dairy cattle in different regions of Ukraine. To achieve this aim the blood sera from cattle and goats were collected from farms in different regions of Ukraine. Those sera samples were studied in the complement fixation test with the use of paratuberculous antigen that was produced from the culture filtrate of MAP. The above mentioned blood sera were collected from the cattle that had positive allergic reactions on the use of tuberculin (PPD) for mammals. Those animals belonged to the free from tuberculosis and paratuberulosis milk farms. The study of obtained samples of blood sera was conducted in the accordance with the methodological guidelines “Laboratory diagnostics of paratuberculosis” (shutter. NMR FEFU pr. No. 1, dated December 19, 2014). There were studied 1098 blood sera samples from cattle. In addition to this, investigation was conducted on 24 samples of blood sera from goats. As the result of conducted study it was found that 17 samples of blood sera contained specific antibodies against MAP (serum solution 1:10). These blood sera collected from the cattle belonging to 4 farms in Poltava, Donetsk and Khmelnitsky regions. Along with this it was obtained 9 uncertain results in compliment fixation test that was conducted between paratuberculous antigen (ACF) and blood sera from those 4 farms. The results of monitoring studies indicate that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis pathogen circulates in studied farms. This can lead to the complication of the epizootic situation regarding paratuberculosis and contribute to the spreading of this pathogen to other free from MAP infection farms. There are no anti-paratuberculosis antibodies in blood serum from goats. It is necessary to conduct annual monitoring serological studies of productive dairy cattle and imported animals in order to clarify and control epizootic situation concerning paratuberculosis on the territory of Ukraine
Keywords: antigen, cattle, goats, paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), complement fixation test (CFT), blood sera
Chiodini R. J. Ruminant paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease): the current status and future prospects / R. J. Chiodini, H. J. Van Kruiningen, R. S. Merkal // The Cornell Veterinarian. — 1984. — Vol. 74, No. 3. — P. 218–262.
Kreeger J. M. Ruminant paratuberculosis-a century of progress and frustration / J. M. Kreeger // Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc. — 1991. — Vol. 3, No. 4. — P. 373–382.
Wells S. J. Herd-level risk factors for infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis in US dairies and association between familiarity of the herd manager with the disease or prior diagnosis of the disease in that herd and use of preventive measures / S. J. Wells, B. A. Wagner // Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. — 2000. — Vol. 216, No. 9. — P. 1450–1457.
Stabel J. R. Johne’s disease: a hidden threat / J. R. Stabel // Journal of Dairy Science. — 1998. — Vol. 81, No. 1. — P. 283–288.
Pandey G. S. Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) in a herd of Friesian cattle in Zambia / G. S. Pandey, T. L. Musonda, H. G. Chizyuka, M. Schneebeli // The Veterinary Record. — 1987. — Vol. 120, No. 15. — P. 369.
Merkal R. S. Prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in ileocecal lymph nodes of cattle culled in the United States / R. S. Merkal, D. L. Whipple, J. M. Sacks, G. R. Snyder // Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. — 1987. — Vol. 190, No. 6. — P. 676–680.
Behymer D. E. Mass screening of cattle sera against 14 infectious disease agents, using an ELISA system for monitoring health in livestock / D. E. Behymer, H. P. Riemann, W. Utterback [et al.] // American Journal of Veterinary Research. — 1991. — Vol. 52, No. 10. — P. 1699–1705.
Sweeney R. W. Transmission of paratuberculosis / R. W. Sweeney // The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice. — 1996. — Vol. 12, No. 2. — P. 305–312.
Nielsen S. S. A review of prevalences of paratuberculosis in farmed animals in Europe / S. S. Nielsen, N. Toft // Preventive Veterinary Medicine. — 2009. — Vol. 88, No. 1. — P. 1–14.
Lombard J. E. Epidemiology and economics of paratuberculosis / J. E. Lombard // Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice. — 2011. — Vol. 27, No. 3. — P. 525–535.
OIE World animal health information system / Weekly Animal Disease service global report. URL: http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalsituation. (Accessed: 10.06.2019).
Kim Y. G. Comparison of two methods for isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis from bovine fecal samples / Y. G. Kim, S. Bech-Nielsen, J. C. Gordon [et al.] // American Journal of Veterinary Research. — 1989. — Vol. 50, No. 7. — P. 1110–1113.
Collins M. T. Enhanced radiometric detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis by using filter-concentrated bovine fecal specimens / M. T. Collins, K. B. Kenefick, D. C. Sockett [et al.] // Journal of Clinical Microbiology. — 1990. — Vol. 28, No. 11. — P. 2514–2519.
De Lisle G. W. Bovine paratuberculosis in a comparison of fecal culture and the antibody response / G. W. de Lisle, B. S. Samagh, J. R. Duncan // Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine. — 1980. — Vol. 44, No. 2. — P. 183–191.
Larsen A. B. An extended study of a herd of cattle naturallyinfected with Johne’s disease in the significance of the complement-fixation test / A. B. Larsen, T. H. Vardaman, R. S. Merkal // American Journal of Veterinary Research. — 1963. — Vol. 24. — P. 948–950.
Sherman D. M. Comparison of the complement-fixation and agar gel immunodiffusion tests for diagnosis of subclinical bovine paratuberculosis / D. M. Sherman, J. M. Gay, D. S. Bouley, G. H. Nelson // American Journal of Veterinary Research. — 1990. — Vol. 51, No. 3. — P. 461–465.
Kalis C. H. J. Evaluation of two absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and a complement fixation test as replacements for fecal culture in the detection of cows shedding Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis / C. H. J. Kalis, H. W. Barkema, J. W. Hesselink [et al.] // Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. — 2002. — Vol. 14, No. 3. — P. 219–224.
Sockett D. C. Evaluation of four serological tests for bovine paratuberculosis / D. C. Sockett, T. A. Conrad, C. B. Thomas, M. T. Collins // Journal of Clinical Microbiology — 1992. — Vol. 30, No. 5. — P. 1134–1139.
Sherman D. M. Evaluation of the agar gel immunodiffusion test for diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis in cattle / D. M. Sherman, B. Bray, J. M. Gay, F. Bates // American Journal of Veterinary Research. — 1989. — Vol. 50, No. 4. — P. 525–530.
Sherman D. M. Agar gel immunodiffusion test for diagnosis of clinical paratuberculosis in cattle / D. M. Sherman, R. J. Markham, F. Bates // Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. — 1984. — Vol. 185, No. 2. — P. 179–182.
Gümüşsoy K. S. Serological and molecular diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle / K. S. Gümüşsoy, T. Iça, S. Abay [et al.] // Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. — 2015. — Vol. 39, No. 2. — P. 147–153.
Fernández-Silva J. A. Diagnosis and molecular characterization of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from dairy cows in Colombia / J. A. Fernández-Silva, A. Abdulmawjood, M. Bülte // Veterinary Medicine International. — 2011. — Vol. 2011. — P. 352561.
Collins M. T. Evaluation of five antibody detection tests for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis / M. T. Collins, S. J. Wells, K. R. Petrini [et al.] // Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. — 2005. — Vol. 12, No. 6. — P. 685–692.
Chapter 2.1.11. Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) // Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. — 6th ed. — Paris : OIE, 2014. — 16 pp.
Norton S. Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Johne’s disease (Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis) in New Zealand dairy cows / S. Norton, W. O. Johnson, G. Jones, C. Heuer // Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. — 2010. — Vol. 22, No. 3. — P. 341–351.
Miller D. S. Specificity of four serologic assays for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in llamas and alpacas: a single herd study / D. S. Miller, M. T. Collins, B. B. Smith [et al.] // Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. — 2000. — Vol. 12, No. 4. — P. 345–353.
